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© 2023 by Thornton Criminal Defense, PLLC.
Atascosa Office:
216 N Bryant St
Pleasanton, Texas 78064
FORMER CHIEF PROSECUTOR
PERSONALIZED ATTENTION TO YOUR CASE
NO HOURLY RATES, ALWAYS A FLAT FEE
CLIENT CENTERED APPROACH TO YOUR CASE
BOARD CERTIFIED IN CRIMINAL LAW
OVER A DECADE OF EXPERIENCE IN CRIMINAL LAW
WHY HIRE THORNTON CRIMINAL DEFENSE?
Attorney Brad Thornton is a highly experienced and Board-Certified criminal defense lawyer. With his background as a former Chief Prosecutor, he has a unique understanding of the criminal justice system and is able to provide comprehensive and effective representation to his clients. He is also deeply committed to ensuring that all individuals receive fair treatment in court, regardless of their background or circumstances.
Brad Thornton is dedicated to helping his clients achieve the best possible outcome for their case, whether it is in San Antonio or elsewhere in South Texas. He recognizes the stress and anxiety that can come with being accused of a crime, and approaches his clients with compassion while keeping them informed at every step of the process. His knowledge and experience make him a strong advocate for his clients.
Criminal Trespass
Texas Penal Code § 30.05 - CRIMINAL TRESPASS
Criminal Trespass Attorney in San Antonio, Texas
In Texas, the law of criminal trespass makes it a criminal offense for a person to enter or remain on someone else's property without their consent, under certain circumstances. Specifically, the person must either have had notice that their entry was forbidden, or they must have received notice to depart but failed to do so. This includes entering or remaining on residential land, agricultural land, a recreational vehicle park, a building, a residential treatment center, or an aircraft or other vehicle. The offense is committed whether the person causes any damage or disturbance while on the property.
Notice for Criminal Trespass
According to Texas Penal Code section 30.05(b)(2), a person receives notice to depart when they are informed to leave the property by the owner, the owner's agent, or a person with apparent authority to act for the owner. Notice can be given orally or in writing, and it can be given at the time of the person's entry onto the property or at any time while they are on the property.
For example, if a person enters a store and is told by the store manager to leave the property, this would be considered notice to depart. Similarly, if a person is given a written notice to leave a property by the owner or their agent, this would also be an acceptable notice under the law.
A person can have constructive notice in the following situations:
1. If there is fencing or other enclosure obviously designed to exclude intruders or to contain livestock;
2. If there is a sign or signs posted on the property or at the entrance to the building indicating that entry is forbidden;
3. If there is the placement of proper identifying purple paint marks on trees or posts on the property; or
4. the visible presence on the property of a crop grown for human consumption that is under cultivation, in the process of being harvested, or marketable if harvested at the time of entry.
Criminal Trespass Warnings in Texas
In Texas, law enforcement officers have the authority to issue criminal trespass warnings to individuals who are found to be trespassing on someone else's property. A criminal trespass warning is a written notice that informs the person that they are not allowed to enter or remain on the property. The warning is typically issued by a law enforcement officer at the request of the property owner or their agent.
If a person receives a criminal trespass warning, they are required to leave the property immediately and may not re-enter the property without the owner's consent. If the person fails to comply with the warning and continues to remain on the property, they may be arrested and charged with criminal trespass.
Criminal trespass warnings are typically issued in cases where a person has entered or remained on someone else's property without their consent, but the property owner does not wish to press criminal charges. The warning serves as a way to inform the person that their presence is not welcomed on the property and to prevent future trespassing incidents.
It is important to note that a criminal trespass warning is different from a criminal trespass charge. A warning does not result in a criminal record, but a criminal charge does. However, a person who has received a criminal trespass warning may be more likely to be charged with criminal trespass in the future if they are found to be trespassing on the same or a different property.
Criminal Trespass v. Burglary in Texas
In Texas, criminal trespass and burglary are two distinct criminal offenses. Criminal trespass involves entering or remaining on someone else's property without their consent, while burglary involves entering a structure with the intent to commit a crime.
Here are some key differences between criminal trespass and burglary in Texas:
Intent: The main difference between these two offenses is the intent of the person committing the crime. Criminal trespass involves entering or remaining on someone else's property without their consent, while burglary involves entering a structure with the intent to commit a crime while inside.
Property: Another key difference is the type of property involved. Criminal trespass can involve any type of property, including land, buildings, vehicles, and so on. Burglary, on the other hand, specifically involves the unlawful entry into a structure, such as a house, office, or store.
Penalty: The potential penalties for these two offenses also differ. Criminal trespass is generally a less serious offense, with Class B misdemeanors carrying a maximum penalty of 180 days in jail and a fine of up to $2,000. Burglary, on the other hand, can be charged as a misdemeanor or a felony, depending on the circumstances of the case and the value of the property involved. Felony burglary carries a prison sentence of up to life in prison and a fine of up to $10,000.
It is important to note that a person can be charged with both criminal trespass and burglary if they enter someone else's property with the intent to commit a crime while inside. In such cases, the person may be charged with both offenses.
Defenses to Criminal Trespass in Texas
There are several defenses that may be raised in a criminal trespass case in Texas. Some common defenses include:
Mistake: A defendant may also be able to argue that they did not realize they were trespassing on someone else's property. This might be the case, for example, if the property was not clearly marked as private or if the defendant had a good faith belief that they had permission to be on the property.
Alibi: An alibi defense involves the defendant providing evidence that they were not at the location of the alleged offense at the time it occurred. If the defendant can provide evidence such as witness testimony, credit card receipts, or other documentation to show that they were elsewhere when the alleged trespassing occurred, they may be able to successfully raise an alibi defense.
Consent: A defendant may also be able to argue that they had the owner's consent to be on the property. For example, if the defendant was invited onto the property by the owner or their agent, or if the owner gave the defendant permission to enter the property, this may be a valid defense to criminal trespass.
Necessity: In some cases, a defendant may be able to argue that they entered or remained on the property out of necessity. This might be the case, for example, if the defendant needed to use the property to protect themselves or someone else from imminent harm.
It is important to note that the specific defenses that are available to a defendant in a criminal trespass case will depend on the circumstances of the case and the laws of the state in which the offense occurred.
Punishment Ranges
Level of Offense
Potential Incarceration
Potential Fine
First-degree Felony
Second-degree Felony
Third-degree Felony
State Jail Felony
Class A Misdemeanor
Class B Misdemeanor
2 - 10 years in prison
180 days - 2 years in jail
Up to 1 year in jail
Up to 180 days in jail
2 - 20 years in prison
5 - 99 years in prison
Up to $10,000
Up to $10,000
Up to $10,000
Up to $10,000
Up to $4,000
Up to $2,000
Penalties for Criminal Trespass in Texas
In Texas, criminal trespass is classified as a Class B, Class A, or Class C misdemeanor, depending on the circumstances of the case. The potential penalties and collateral consequences for each classification are as follows:
Class B misdemeanor: Criminal trespass is classified as a Class B misdemeanor when the person enters or remains on someone else's property without their consent. This is the most common form of criminal trespass A Class B misdemeanor is punishable by up to 180 days in jail and a fine of up to $2,000.
Class A misdemeanor: Criminal trespass is classified as a Class A misdemeanor when the person enters or remains in someone else's habitation or on a superfund site or in a critical infrastructure facility. A Class A misdemeanor is punishable by up to one year in jail and a fine of up to $4,000.
Class C misdemeanor: Criminal trespass is classified as a state jail felony when the person enters or remains on someone else's agricultural land and within 100 feet of the boundary of the land; or on residential land and within 100 feet of a protected freshwater area. A Class C misdemeanor is punishable by a fine of up to $500.
In addition to the potential criminal penalties, a conviction for criminal trespass can also have collateral consequences, such as difficulty finding employment or housing, loss of professional licenses, and damage to personal relationships. It is important to note that the specific penalties and collateral consequences that a person may face will depend on the specifics of their case and the laws of the state in which they were convicted.
Attorney Brad Thornton
If you have been charged with criminal trespass in Texas, it is important to seek the help of an experienced criminal defense attorney as soon as possible. A conviction for criminal trespass can carry significant penalties, including jail time and fines, as well as collateral consequences that can affect your future.
Board-certified criminal defense attorney Brad Thornton is an experienced and skilled attorney who has helped many people charged with criminal offenses in Texas. As a former chief prosecutor, Mr. Thornton has a unique perspective on both sides of the criminal justice system and is well-equipped to defend his clients against criminal charges.
Mr. Thornton is dedicated to providing his clients with the best possible defense and is committed to protecting their rights and interests. He offers a free consultation to all potential clients, which allows you to discuss your case with him and get an idea of your options and the potential outcomes of your case.
By calling Mr. Thornton for a free consultation, you can get the legal advice and representation you need to navigate the criminal justice system and fight for a favorable outcome in your case. Don't hesitate to seek the help you need - contact Mr. Thornton today.
FORMER PROSECUTOR
San Antonio Criminal Defense Attorney Brad Thornton has spent years in court rooms fighting for justice. As a prosecutor, Brad was a leader on cases ranging from marijuana to murder from arrest to appeal. Who better to fight for your rights than someone who knows the "other side" and has tried the toughest of cases out there. Put his experience and knowledge to work for you.
David I.
Seguin, Texas
Brad was great from the moment he looked at my case. Despite his busy schedule, he made himself easily available, walked us through every detail with care and professionalism, and worked out a great deal with the prosecutor that was much better than any outcome we could have imagined. I don’t plan on needing his assistance again, but if I’m ever unfortunate enough to find myself in another legal bind, Brad will be my first call.
Brian F.
San Antonio, Texas
I have had the opportunity to know Brad both personally and professionally for a while now. As a fellow attorney, I am consistently impressed by his passion and innovative approach to legal issues. He is exceptionally intelligent and is always willing to go above and beyond for his clients. When I refer clients to Brad, I have full confidence that they will receive top-quality representation.
Elaine B.
San Antonio, Texas
Brad is an amazing attorney, and I highly recommend him! He has deep knowledge and understanding how to navigate the law to support his clients. He has a way with people, and truly has his focus on client care and supporting them, during a time that’s usually stressful for clients. He was able to support in getting my case dismissed in less than 2 months and was attentive and personable during the whole process. You have a choice when deciding who’s going to represent you, and to have an attorney that genuinely cares for his clients should be an expectation anyone should set. Brad will meet that expectation 110%!
Kevin E.
Jourdanton, Texas
[Brad] made the process very easy for me, handling everything within a month, with a motion to dismiss all cases against me. I only had to attend court once! The portal he uses to make sure you are aware of everything going on in your case is awesome, I didn’t even have to worry everything got downloaded to the portal with email notifications. I would never use another attorney to represent me, he is the best at what he does.